UPSC Prelims 2022 - CSAT (Paper II)

Explanation

Unsustainability in production pattern, according to the passage is due to dependence on fossil fuels which is available in a limited quantity. Therefore statements (1) heavy dependence on fossil fuels and (2) Limited availability of resources are correct. What about the statement (3)? Expansion of recycling supports sustainability and is, therefore, not a factor in unsustainability. Therefore, option (a) ‘1 and 2 only’ is correct.

Explanation

The correct answer is (a). Let us see how. The developed countries can support developed countries’ transition to sustainable human development by (i) Making clean energy sources available at low cost. Read the last line of the passage. It says, “developed countries need to support developing countries’ transition to sustainable human development.” Now we only need to ensure that the developed countries have access to clean energy sources at low cost. So, this statement is correct. (ii) Providing loans for improving their public transport at nominal interest rates. There is a sentence in the passage that reads, “Some developed countries have begun to alleviate the worst effects by expanding recycling and investing in public transport and infrastructure. Here, “investing in public transport and infrastructure” does not mean, giving a loan at nominal interest rate. Thus, this statement is incorrect. (iii) Encouraging to change their production and consumption patterns. The same statement as above taken from the passage also implies that the developed countries have begun to alleviate the worst effects (of the unsustainable production and consumption pattern). It means the developed countries can help the developing countries change their production and consumption pattern. This is not a logical inference based on the given passage. Thus this statement is also incorrect.

Explanation

The correct answer is (c). Let us see how? The question is about deforestation and denudation leading to what kind of consequence. This is a straightforward question directly from the passage. Let us note down all the consequences mentioned in the passage: (i) harshness of the climatic conditions (ii) soil erosion by wind and water (iii) agriculture will become impossible (iv) brown earth with bare vegetation without any water in streams and springs. If we note the list of consequences in the statements, they are (1) Depletion of soil resources. This matches our list above. (2) Shortage of land for the common man. It doesn’t match our list above.(3) lack of water for cultivation. It matches our list above. Statement (2) is incorrect because it says there will be a shortage of land for the common man. The fact is there will be enough land for the common man but it will be of no use because agriculture will be impossible. Therefore, we are left with option (c) 1 and 3 only.

Explanation

The given sequence follows the following pattern. 1 2 × 3 2 × 5 2 × × 1 × 2 × 3 Q X = 225

Explanation

According to question, identity card has seven digits (1,2,4,5,7,8,9) First digit, from right side, must be 9. As, if you remove any other digit except 9 then remaining number will not be divisible by 6 (Q sum of number will not be divisible by 3). Also, second digit from rigid side can be 2, 4 or 8 (even) 5 2/4/8 9 This digit must be 5 (as number will be divisible by 5 after removal of first two digits) Similarly, we can have 2/4/8 1/7 2/4/8 2/4/8 1/7 5 9 We need to find sum of these three digits. Q 8 can't be at fourth place (from right) as 8 + 5 = 13 which greater than all the given options. Various possibilities for middle three digits 1  4  5 (Sum = 10, not in option) 1  2  5 (Sum = 8, given in option) 7  2  5 (Sum = 14, not in option) 7  4  5 (Sum = 16, not in option) ∴ Sum of middle three digits = 8